The Literary Theory Handbook introduces students to the history and scope of literary theory, showing them how to perform literary analysis, and providing a greater understanding of the historical contexts for different theories.. A new edition of this highly successful text, which includes updated and refined chapters, and new sections on contemporary theories To support her children, Sandra took on a cleaning job, but within a year she became seriously ill. Doctors diagnosed cancer of the womb, and because she needed surgery, she was persuaded to have her three children fostered. So we had laws like the Population Registration Act of 1950 which divided South Africans into four classes: whites, Asians/Indians, coloreds and natives or blacks. Sandra's inclination toward black people continued, and when she turned 14, she met a black man, Petrus Zwane, who was 20 years older than her. Afraid that her kids would be taken away from her because of the racial difference, Sandra applied to get herself reclassified to black. In 1987, Sandra's life took a pleasant turn when she met a truck driver, Johannes Motlaung. Adrift and bereft for her lost children, she fell into another relationship and had another child, Anthony. She settled well with her new family. After ~100 generations the ancestry should be approximately equally distributed across the population, but far less so on the order of 5-15 generations. Sandra's brothers, said to be right-wing, still shun contact. news.AmoMama.com speaks out against the above mentioned and news.AmoMama.com advocates for a healthy discussion about the instances of violence, abuse, sexual misconduct, animal cruelty, abuse etc. Historically there are plenty of genealogical data which suggest an absorption of mixed-race individuals into the Afrikaner population, of Khoisan, Indian or Malay background (usually on the maternal lineage). 'I was afraid she was still mad at me,' says Sandra. Sandra recalled visiting her mom with her oldest son, Henry. Then, the government changed the law that a child had to be of the same race as their parents. Again, I know anything it could be true, but Laings story is extreme. This is a small fraction, but not trivial. , who is 1/4 black. The apartheid ended in 1994, and since then, South Africa has come a long way in becoming welcoming and tolerant towards people of varying races and colors. Born to a conservative Afrikaner family, Sandra's fate was to not be what she was supposed to be. . Subscribe to Our Life: https://bit.ly/3dBMxvlBorn in Apartheid-era South Africa to white Afrikaner parents, a quirk of genetics meant that she developed the . She had another child, Prins, from a short-lived relationship with Zwane's friend, David Radebe, and began cleaning people's houses to support her kids. Save up to 50% on Smart Home when you shop now. Now 53, Sandra is the daughter of shopkeepers from the Eastern Transvaal (since renamed Mpumalanga). She entered the world in 1955, a beautiful baby by all accounts, who could be expected to grow up in a close-knit family amid mines of gold and forests of pine. Sandra Laing and Petrus Zwayne. Sandra and her brothers are still alive. Abraham Laing and his wife, Sannie, could see from the moment she was born that her skin was darker than their own and that of her elder brother Leon, yet they refused to acknowledge what was in front of them. Shortly afterwards, her three elder children were returned to her. Heres a photo of Sandra with her brother Adriaan. At 16, Sandra eloped with Zwane, a decision that would soon have profound consequences. In an angry phone call, Leon told Sandra she had broken their parents' hearts. Genetic throwbacks were not unheard of but if there was ever a wrong place and wrong time for this phenomenon, it was apartheid South Africa. but it looks like Sandra is a product of an black South African and maybe a white Afrikaneer. 'My father told me I was white. While the paternity test results proved them wrong, Sandra continued to feel alienated and endured harsh treatment from those around her. Torn apart by unlikely circumstances beyond her control, the heartbroken girl continued to carry the blame for her family tragedy. Patches of Sandra's hair fell out, and when it grew back, it was as curly as ever. A few years ago I thumbed through a book which detailed Laings tumultuous life, When She Was White: The True Story of a Family Divided By Race. 'I'll ask him to forgive me,' she says. This results in estimates of non-white ancestry among Afrikaners on the order of 5%. , keeping the child. It has a happy ending, of sorts, and one which is scheduled to hit bookshops and cinemas now that Hollywood has caught wind of the story. [5] She was expelled and escorted home by two police officers. After exhaustive inquiries, Sannie was traced to a retirement village outside Pretoria, less than an hour's drive from Sandra's home. Shop the best selection of deals on Food Storage now. How do we assess the probabilities of paternity vs. re-expression or recombination of genetic variants which code for African phenotypes within the Afrikaner population? Save up to 50% on Women's Accessories when you shop now. Shop our favorite Women's Shoes finds at great prices. To a first approximation something like skin color is additive & independent, in other words we can negelect dominance-recessive dynamics whereby genotypes imperfectly predict phenotype (heterozygotes and homozygotes may have the same phenotypic expression). In plain English these two populations express such different skin colors because their underlying genes which control this trait are totally different between populations. Rory Carroll reports from Johannesburg, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. Laing and her husband separated due to the pressures they were under, and she put their children into government care for a period. Sandra Laings paternity was under some debate, and it was a working assumption by many that the mother was unfaithful. to be of different races because of the way genes randomly recombine in offspring from parents shows that this isnt impossible in principle. I was classified colored and I loved all Black people. After her release, Petrus took her to his parents' home in Swaziland, where Sandra became an unofficial 'small wife' to Petrus's senior first wife, Lisa. The parents were even tested to prove that she was their daughter and finally Sandra was reclassified when the laws were changed to accommodate white parents with different looking kids. Sandra and her brothers are still alive. More recent studies put the number slightly higher, at 11 per cent. Today there are ~3 million Afrikaners. 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Jordan is the latest American to invest in the Premier League after his team took on the champions and their Abu Dhabi billions, here are the US owners bankrolling virtually half the clubs (with LeBron James even involved! | Source: YouTube.com/Our Life. But her parents refused to acknowledge what was in front of them. By Catherine O' Brien for MailOnline Updated: 13:23 EST, 19 December 2008, Although both Sandra Laing's parents were white South Africans, she looked black. 'I'm afraid you're going to have to leave us,' the principal told her. Sandra Laing (born 26 November 1955) is a South African woman who was classified as Coloured by authorities during the apartheid era, due to her skin colour and hair texture, although she was the child of at least three generations of ancestors who had been regarded as white. Why Do Women Like True Crime & Real-Life Murder Stories? The story of Sandra Laing - of how she was reclassified as 'coloured' by the government and how her parents, insisting that she was their biological child, took their battle to keep her 'white' all the way to the Supreme Court - caused an international furore. Shop our favorite Bath & Body finds at great prices. Remember that 5% is a. population average, not the ancestry of any given individual. That is until she was 10 years old and the South African government stepped in and claimed she was "colored," a term used during the apartheid. Her father underwent a blood-typing test for paternity in the 1960s, as DNA tests were not yet available. Find the best deals on Home Gym from your favorite brands. First-hand information. She said in a 2009 . Sandra pictured with her brown family. $1 Million - $5 Million. It was a step into another world, from ruling caste privilege to the oppression and poverty of townships. People whose parents are of these two populations (e.g., Barack Hussein Obama) can be expected to beheterozygouson the loci controlling this trait. I had to learn to go on with my life and forget what happened. Find the best deals on Women's Handbags & Wallets from your favorite brands. I had chosen not to be their sister and I had to lie on the bed I had made for myself, he said. I married my husband, James Richard Laing on July 10, 1965, becoming Sandra Joanne Laing. The psychological toll of her traumas has been immense, say friends, and Sandra, 47, is taciturn, the eye contact fleeting, the voice low. She asked how many children I had. Sandra found a second husband, Johannes Motloung, and had another three children after being reunited with her first two. In 1962, her school started campaigning against her, which lasted four years. Months short of her death, Sannie was bubbly and alert: "Now tell me again, about the children." 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