Thousands more served in the British Army directly, with over 3,000 joining the British Royal Flying Corps and over 100 volunteering for the Royal Navy. Prosecutions before the courts of the Union of South Africa were instituted in the name of the Crown and government officials served in the name of the Crown. The progenitors of the extended clan are Willem Schalk van der Merwe (born in "Broeck", probably [[Broek= Babyloninbroek], province Noord-Brabant May 1634,in Babyloninbroek (Broek) and . [251] As of 18 July, over 3,400 people had been arrested, while as of 22 July, 337 people had died in connection with the unrest.[252]. 2. It also meant the apartheid government could no longer link apartheid and its purported legitimacy to the protection of Christian values and civilisation in the face of the rooi gevaar, meaning "red danger" or the threat of communism. 142168. Economically, South Africa supplied two-thirds of gold production in the British Empire, with most of the remainder coming from Australia. Leaders of the Communist Party of South Africa were mostly white. [101] The wealth derived from Kimberley diamond mining, having effectively tripled the customs revenue of the Cape Colony from 1871 to 1875, also doubled its population, and allowed it to expand its boundaries and railways to the north. [121] 25,000 Black South Africans were recruited at the request of the British War Cabinet to serve as non-combatant labourers in the South African Native Labour Contingent (SANLC). A Adriaanse Alberts (name) B Badenhorst Bakkes Bekker Blaauw Blignault Blignaut Booi Booysen Boshoff Bosman Botha Breytenbach Burger (surname) Buys C Cilliers Cloete (surname) Coetzee Cronje The flag of Republic of South Africa was adopted on 26 April 1994. The Cape Colony was unusual in southern Africa in that its laws prohibited any discrimination on the basis of race and, unlike the Boer republics, elections were held according to the non-racial Cape Qualified Franchise system, whereby suffrage qualifications applied universally, regardless of race. Hamilton, Carolyn and Bernard K. Mbenga, eds. An attack on a Christian church in Cape Town in 1993, left eleven people dead and 58 injured. In 1854, it was granted its first locally elected legislature, the Cape Parliament. [31], In 1787, shortly before the French Revolution, a faction within the politics of the Dutch Republic known as the Patriot Party attempted to overthrow the regime of stadtholder William V. Though the revolt was crushed, it was resurrected after the French invasion of the Netherlands in 1794/1795 which resulted in the stadtholder fleeing the country. For the veterans among your South African ancestors, military collections provide insights into where and when they served, and even physical descriptions. Thabani m Southern African, Zulu, Ndebele. The Transvaal Boer republic was forcefully annexed by Britain in 1877, during Britain's attempt to consolidate the states of southern Africa under British rule. Mannan is also a Muslim surname. Britain's eventual defeat of the Zulus, marking the end of the Zulu nation's independence, was accomplished with the assistance of Zulu collaborators who harboured cultural and political resentments against centralised Zulu authority. In that year, the SS Truro arrived in Durban harbour with over 300 Indians on board. Afrikaner settlers in particular were loath to live under Moshoesoe's authority and among Africans.[84]. "Women in South Africa: the historiography in English.". Paul Kruger, one of the leaders of the uprising, became President of the ZAR in 1883. It is the tenth most common family name in the Republic of South Africa. [36] This had the effect of forcing more of the Dutch colonists to move (or trek) away from British administrative reach. The rebel leaders were prosecuted, fined heavily and sentenced to imprisonment ranging from six to seven years. A succession of wars were conducted between the Boers and the Basotho for the next 10 years. Means "lion" in Tswana and Sotho. From the 1830s onwards, numbers of white settlers from the Cape Colony crossed the Orange River and started arriving in the fertile southern part of territory known as the Lower Caledon Valley, which was occupied by Basotho cattle herders under the authority of the Basotho founding monarch Moshoeshoe I. 32. 29. [233] The Zondo Commission of Inquiry was appointed during the Presidency of Cyril Ramaphosa to investigate allegations of state capture related corruption. A succession of wars followed from 1858 to 1868 between the Basotho kingdom and the Boer republic of Orange Free State. In 1896, the German Kaiser Kaiser Wilhelm had enraged Britain by sending congratulations to Boer republican leader Paul Kruger after Kruger's commandos captured a column of British South Africa Company soldiers engaged in an armed incursion and abortive insurrection, known historically as the Jameson Raid, into Boer territory. [74], Although no formally surveyed boundaries existed, Griqua leader Nicolaas Waterboer claimed the diamond fields were situated on land belonging to the Griquas. Prinsloo is an Afrikaans surname. Yet resistance by Boer bittereinders (meaning those who would fight to the bitter end) continued for two more years with guerrilla warfare, which the British met in turn with scorched earth tactics. Lerato Kaiser Wilhelm's government arranged for the two Boer Republics to purchase modern breech-loading Mauser rifles and millions of smokeless gunpowder cartridges. [126], General Louis Botha headed the first government of the new Union, with General Jan Smuts as his deputy. Both Prime Minister Louis Botha and Defence Minister Jan Smuts were former Second Boer War generals who had previously fought against the British, but they now became active and respected members of the Imperial War Cabinet. They moved about 500 miles eastward, over the Quathlamba (today known as the Drakensberg mountain range), settling ultimately in an area officially designated as "Nomansland", which the Griquas renamed Griqualand East. [7] The discoveries of diamonds and gold in the nineteenth century had a profound effect on the fortunes of the region, propelling it onto the world stage and introducing a shift away from an exclusively agrarian-based economy towards industrialisation and the development of urban infrastructure. The attack failed, with British forces then retreating back to Durban, which the Boers besieged. Manpower, from all races, helped Allied operations not just on the Western Front and Africa, but also in the Middle East against the Ottoman Empire. Da Gama gave the name Natal to the coast he was passing, which in Portuguese means Christmas. The first was formed by Hermann Eckstein in 1887, eventually becoming Rand Mines. [22] Bantu-speaking communities reached southern Africa from the Congo basin as early as the 4th century BC. An estimated five thousand Zulu warriors were involved. Boer Voortrekkers in 1838 established the Republic of Natalia in the surrounding region, with its capital at Pietermaritzburg. Between 1847 and 1854, Harry Smith, governor and high commissioner of the Cape Colony, annexed territories far to the north of original British and Dutch settlement. Lerato (Southern African origin), meaning "love" in Sotho, pronounced LE-raa-too. It pursued a very violent strategy known as "ungovernability", they killed thousands of opposition party, mostly members of Inkatha Freedom Party in some cases burning them alive, including rent boycotts, student protests, and strike campaigns. [214] ANC icon Nelson Mandela, asserted in a statement released on 25 January 1990: "The nationalisation of the mines, banks and monopoly industries is the policy of the ANC, and a change or modification of our views in this regard is inconceivable. In a referendum held on 17 March 1992, the white electorate voted 68% in favour of democracy. People with the surname include: Alexander du Toit (1878-1948), South African geologist Anri du Toit aka Yolandi Visser, South African musician "Frontier Settlement in Early Dutch South Africa,". Meanwhile, 34-year-old South African pacer Shabnim Ismail not only took three wickets but also registered her name in record books by bowling the fastest ball in women's cricket. Chidubem - This name is Igbo for "God is my guide." Igwe - Many Igbo people in South Africa have this last name. Within census records, you can often find information like name of household members, ages, birthplaces, residences, and occupations. [63], By 1860, with slavery having been abolished in 1834, and after the annexation of Natal as a British colony in 1843, the British colonists in Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal) turned to India to resolve a labour shortage, as men of the local Zulu warrior nation were refusing to work on the plantations and farms established by the colonists. Tau was the name of the last ruler of the Rolong in South Africa (18th century). Van Riebeeck considered it impolitic to enslave the local Khoi and San aboriginals, so the VOC began to import large numbers of slaves, primarily from the Dutch colonies in Indonesia. [95] Keate awarded ownership to the Griquas. [189], Both South Africa and Cuba claimed victory at the decisive battle of Cuito Cuanavale, which have been described as "the fiercest in Africa since World War II". Occupation can tell you about your ancestor's social and economic status. A local trader Dick King and his servant Ndongeni, who later became folk heroes, were able to escape the blockade and ride to Grahamstown, a distance of 600km (372.82 miles) in 14 days to raise British reinforcements. In the Fourth Xhosa War, which lasted from 1811 to 1812, the British colonial authorities forced the Xhosa back across the Great Fish River and established forts along this boundary. The same legislation applied also to South West Africa over which South Africa had continued after World War I to exercise a disputed League of Nations mandate. [131], Public opinion in South Africa split along racial and ethnic lines. 35. Lesotho, South Africa Kolobe Wild Hog Free State Bagananwa/Bahananwa Sesotho sa Leboa: South Africa Tshwene Baboon Bahurutshe, Limpopo Bahlakoana Sesotho Lesotho, South Africa Free State, Koena, families descending from Disema and Molapo, second and third born sons of Napo a Koena. [226], In 2014, around 47% of (mostly black) South Africans lived in poverty, making it one of the most unequal countries in the world. A majority of politically moderate Afrikaners were pragmatic and did not support the AWB's extremism. In late October, Boer commandos supported by local Kgatla tribal collaborators laid siege to the caves. Anthony Egan, Review of "The Hidden Thread: Russia and South Africa in the Soviet Era" by Irina Filatova & Apollon Davidson, Phyllis Johnson & David Martin, Apartheid Terrorism: The destabilisation report, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989, p.122, UN General Assembly, res n 2154 (XXI), 17 November 1966. [191] South African involvement in Angola ended formally after the signing of a United Nations-brokered agreement known as the New York Accords between the governments of Angola, Cuba and South Africa, resulting in the withdrawal of all foreign troops from Angola and also South Africa's withdrawal from South West Africa (now Namibia), which the UN regarded as illegally occupied since 1966. [107] The discovery of gold in February 1886 at a farm called Langlaagte on the Witwatersrand in particular precipitated a gold rush by prospectors and fortune seekers from all over the world. [152] On 11 March 1994, several hundred AWB members formed part of an armed right-wing force that invaded the nominally independent "homeland" territory of Bophuthatswana, in a failed attempt to prop up its unpopular, conservative leader Chief Lucas Mangope. [206], A non-racial United Democratic Front (UDF) coalition of about 400 civic, church, student, trade union and other organisations emerged in 1983. [116] The conflict ended almost as soon as it began with a decisive Boer victory at Battle of Majuba Hill (27 February 1881). The establishment of the staging post by the Dutch East India Company at the Cape in 1652 soon brought the Khoikhoi into conflict with Dutch settlers over land ownership. Its underground cells conducted armed robberies to raise funds and obtain weapons and vehicles. Most Popular African Last Names on FamilyEducation: Ba, Ballo, Dial, First Trimester To-Do List: Take Care of Yourself. The colony, with an estimated population of less than 400,000 in 1904[56] ceased to exist in 1910, when it was absorbed into the Union of South Africa as the Orange Free State Province. Afrikaners were split, with some like Botha and Smuts taking a prominent leadership role in the British war effort. No gold was ever discovered in the annexed territory. John Murray. [134] The South African government issued no war service medal to the black servicemen and the special medal issued by King George V to "native troops" that served the Empire, the British War Medal in bronze, was disallowed and not issued to the SANLC. Introduction: South Africa has a unique history of apartheid that has had significant implications on economic and social policies. A list of references about Personal Names or Surnames at the Local History and Genealogy Reading Room at the Library of Congress. The prisoners were mainly members of the Pan Africanist Congress and United Democratic Front.[209]. Abara (Igbo origin) meaning "spirit". The settlement of southern Africa by the Khoisan corresponds to the earliest separation of the extant Homo sapiens populations altogether, associated in genetic science with what is described in scientific terms as matrilinear haplogroup L0 (mtDNA) and patrilinear haplogroup A (Y-DNA), originating in a northwestern area of southern Africa. Origin: Ghanaian Meaning: "Child that keeps coming or reincarnation." Kanumba Origin: Tanzanian Meaning: Unknown. 31. Meaning: 'Lion.' 3. British policy with regard to South Africa would vacillate with successive governments, but the overarching imperative throughout the 19th century was to protect the strategic trade route to India while incurring as little expense as possible within the colony. The civil rights struggle of Gandhi's Natal Indian Congress failed; until the 1994 advent of democracy, Indians in South Africa were subject to most of the discriminatory laws that applied to all non-white inhabitants of the country.[66]. The British elements strongly supported the war, and formed by far the largest military component. African Last Names Ba Bah Ballo Cisse Contee Conteh Diallo Fall Kone Mensah Ndiaye Nwosu Okafor Okeke Okoro Osei Owusu Sall Sane Sarr Sesay Sow Sy Toure Traore Turay Yeboah There are 54 countries, between 900 and 1,500 languages, and several thousand ethnic groups in Africa, according to Britannica. Kaya (Southern African origin), meaning "restful place," and is a Zulu name pronounced KAH-yah. The trade union movement was divided. In the 14th and 15th century, Portuguese explorers traveled down the west African Coast, detailing and mapping the coastline and in 1488 they rounded the Cape of Good Hope. Starting from the mid-1800s, the Cape of Good Hope, which was then the largest state in southern Africa, began moving towards greater independence from Britain. [199] From the 1960s onwards until 1989, MK carried out numerous acts of sabotage and attacks on military and police personnel. 469503. Until that point, President Paul Kruger's government had excluded all foreigners from the franchise. This position was rejected by many rural Afrikaners who supported the Maritz Rebellion. By the late 1700s, the Cape Colony population had grown to include a large number of mixed-race so-called "coloureds" who were the offspring of extensive interracial relations between male Dutch settlers, Khoikhoi females, and female slaves imported from Dutch colonies in the East. APLA denied the attacks were racist in character, claiming that the attacks were directed against the apartheid government as all whites, according to the PAC, were complicit in the policy of apartheid. It is also a given name in Kerala. During the early-1990s, Poqo was renamed Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA). There are 642 immigration records available for the last name South African. As punishment to the Basotho, the governor and commander-in-chief of the Cape Colony, George Cathcart, deployed troops to the Mohokare River; Moshoeshoe was ordered to pay a fine. 28. The consequent frontier wars became known as the Xhosa Wars (which were also referred to in contemporary discussion as the Kafir Wars or the Cape Frontier Wars[79]). At the Blombos cave Professor Raymond Dart discovered the skull of a 2.51 million year old Taung Child in 1924, the first example of Australopithecus africanus ever found. South Africa's top-secret Special Signals Service played a significant role in the early development and deployment of radio detection and ranging (radar) technology used in protecting the vital coastal shipping route around southern Africa. 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