All parties remained peaceful, and Columbus specifically instructed his crews not to take advantage of the Indians. Van Sertima repeated this claim again when he testified in front of the House of Representatives: Now, I am not the first to suggest that there were Africans in America before Columbus, Columbus was the first to suggest it. Winters writes: The first civilization to appear in America, called the Olmec culture was founded by AfricansThe original Maya were probably AfricansThe Aztecs, Zapotecs, Toltecs, and Maya usually occupied urban centers built by Africans, or Afro-Indians. Van Sertimas case in They Came Before Columbus is the best known, certainly not the only one. In his famous book, They Came Before Columbus, published in 1976, anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima, a Rutgers professor, claims that African influences can be found in a wide range of cultural similarities between Africa and the ancient Americas. Also according to Polish craniologist Wiercinsky 13.5% of skeletons in a pre-classic Olmec cemetery of Tlatilco were negroid which decreased in percentage over time, indicating intermixture with the native population over time. West May 9, 1977 Anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima has set ablaze a mini-controversy with his thesis that Africans. The Book Review received about 70 letters, the most reader reaction it's had on an issue since the reviewer attacked Robert Frost several yeas ago. Van Sertima writes about shipping technology, saying that even the most ancient of Egyptian ships were sturdy enough to cross the Atlantic on the currents that run from northwest Africa to the Americas. There is hardly a claim in any of Van Sertimas writings that can be supported by the evidence found in the archaeological, botanical, linguistic, or historical record. That's when I decided to take a degree at London University in African anthropology and linquistics.". Hip-hop artist B.o.B,who is also a flat Earth believer. Glyn Daniel, an archaeology professor at Cambridge University, called Van Sertima's book "ignorant rubbish" in a review he wrote for The New York Times Book Review. Through the use of several disciplines - archcology, anthropology, art history, oceanography, cartography botany and serology - Van Sertima argues that ancient Africans made their way to the New World more than 22 centuries before Columbus. {{start_at_rate}} {{format_dollars}} {{start_price}} {{format_cents}} {{term}}, {{promotional_format_dollars}}{{promotional_price}}{{promotional_format_cents}} {{term}}, Sabres place Alex Tuch on injured reserve; top-line winger's status is uncertain, Paula's Donuts to move Clarence store that faced backlash for tax breaks to Amherst, Nebraska cheerleader competes by herself at state competition, but crowd doesn't let her feel alone, Chad Hall's departure from Buffalo Bills to Jaguars remains a bit of a mystery. From rhinoplasty to cataract replacement, the Hindu vedic text Sushruta Samhita documents the discovery of advanced surgical techniques centuries before they found their way into the operating theaters of western Europe. Columbus actually said in the journal of his second voyage when he was in Haiti, then known as Espanola, Native Americans came to him and told him that Black people had come in large boats from the south and southeast trading in gold-tipped metal spears. Change). The majority of us here in America the descendant of slaves were already aboriginal in America and were the slave population of choice. Nowhere does de Las Casas suggest that spears he was referring to were identical or even similar to spears in West Africa. Van Sertima believed that Mali seafarers sailed across the Atlantic and landed in Mesoamerica. Because the Olmec civilization is one that has been largely shrouded in mystery, there have been a number of theories about the historical roots of the Olmec. He employs a number of tactics commonly used by pseudoscientists (Cole 1980; Radner and Radner 1982: 27-52; Ortiz de Montellano 1995; Williams 1988), including an almost exclusive use of outdated secondary sources and a reliance on the pseudoscientific writing of others. The mapmaker, Martin Waldseemller, named the New World "America," after the Italian Amerigo Vespucci, who had explored the coastline of South America and was the first to realize that it was a . Van Sertima does not say, but he jumps the conclusion that the spears that were sent to Spain were African spears without providing a basis for why he believes so. The launching of the expedition is recorded by Arab historian Ibn Fadl Allah al-Omari, according to Van Sertima. Phil Valentine is even more confused. The journal required that reprints must include the entire article and would have had to include the original authors' response (written but not published) to his response. Van Sertimas main evidence for his claims regarding a pre-Colombian contact between ancient Africans (Nubians) and Olmecs rests on the supposed similarities between Negroid facial features and the colossal Olmec heads. What would the point of shipping Black Indians to Europe then to Africa and then back to America again be? Van Sertima was convinced there was a connection between ancient Africa and the Americas. Maize has African origins. Despite this, some individuals would argue: A mass colony of Africans were not shipped from Africa to America. In response to Daniel's review Clarence Weiant, who had worked as an assistant archaeologist specialising in ceramics at Tres Zapotes and later pursued a career as a chiropractor, wrote a letter to the New York Times supporting Van Sertima's work. Van Sertima, 42, here Saturday for the concluding day of the third annual black writers conference sponsored by Howard University, said the pervious to original thought, who will letters exposed Daniel as "a man imnot even do honest battle with ideas he contends but tries to drown out in a sea of vituperation and abuse.". pic.twitter.com/sKrVa4a2JQ, I figured you say something like that.Are these people mixed with "native American" or are they just Black indigenous indians? Van Sertima reached larger audiences through chapters narrated by figures of the past, including Christopher Columbus and the Mali king Abu Bakr II. Columbus is such a late-comer that it is almost silly to compare anybody's arrival to his. In doing field work in Africa, he compiled a dictionary of Swahili legal terms in 1967. Barbour, the first African-American to earn a doctorate in archaeology, is an expert on Mesoamerican culture and associate scientific director of the African Burial Ground Project in Lower Manhattan. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. I have, 2600 words What do normativity and intentionality mean? One could do worse. . Classical scholar Mary Lefkowitz who debunked Afrocentric claims about ancient Greece and Rome in her book Not out of Africa explains how her colleagues let her down because of the fear of being labelled as racist like she was. In They Came Before Columbus, Ivan Van Sertima put forward the argument that African people were in the Americas long before Columbus was. This view, of course, is seen as highly fringe in the field of anthropology. From 1957 to 1959, Van Sertima worked as a Press and Broadcasting Officer in the Guyana Information Services. It has come to my attention that Van Sertimas (1972) bookThey Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America (TCBC)will soon be used in certain syllabi. please donate https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=ZPEYVFR6AgeofReason198EKA be a monthly supporter https://www.patreon.com/. ( Van Sertima, 1972: xiv; They Came Before Colombus) Ivan Van Sertima is a fringe Afrocentric theorist (they all are), who argued that there was an African presence in America, long before Colombus set shore in the Bahamas in 1492. If there were an African presence in the Americas, he asked, "why do we not find more African stylistic artifacts?". If you lift that shadow, you help repair that damage. This video is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima who made is transition on May 25th, 2009. On the cover of the book, John A. Williams writes that Van Sertima has demonstrated that there is far more to black history than the slave trade. Quite obviously, there is more to black history than the slave trade, but Van Sertimas storytelling is not it. (AP Photo). I am of what you would call, recent African ancestry. I also work with many foreign-born Chinese people. Bro, are you serious now?Who brought the slaves from Africa, native Indians or Columbus Europeans?When did slave trade start that Red-Indians became yall history?So in a bid to stay off Africans yall tracing your ancestry to Indians?Mehn thats something else. Snow continued, "The findings of professional archaeologists and physical anthropologists are misrepresented so that they seem to support the [Van Sertima] hypothesis". He also points to the Negroid features of giant stone heads in Mexico, our of which have been radio carbon dated at 814 B.C. (LogOut/ They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. In fact, that . Of course I was taken aback by the bold claim. The two likely were not even alive at the same time period. Learn how your comment data is processed. Are some Black Americans trying to distance themselves from Africa and rewrite history by ignoring such evidence as DNA? He posited that higher learning, in Africa as elsewhere, was the preserve of elites in the centres of civilisations, rendering them vulnerable in the event of the destruction of those centres and the loss of such knowledge. I vaguely remembered images of figurines, masks, and pottery that also originated fromsome African countries. Polynesians/Melanesians went to the Americas before Columbus. I wasn't halfway through this book and I was thoroughly offended, but I finished it just to hear their point of view. In They Came Before Columbus, Van Sertima argues that Egyptian journey to the Americas happened during the rule of the 25th dynasty, which was the Kushite dynasty that ruled Egypt. Thus, historians of the time removed, ignored, or minimized any evidence of black contributions to ancient Egyptian civilization. Since my earlier days of schooling, I have informally encountered bits and pieces of information such as the story of Mansa Musa, the richest man in history, but not much else. In doing this, primary source anecdotes are often the evidence cited by Van Sertima combined with inference and exaggeration, though he implies to his readers that the narrative is based in fact. What did I know or was taught? All of these claims are incrediblewhich means that they deserve incredible evidence in order to verify them. Van Sertimas scholarship was flawed in many respects, but he made an attempt to challenge the racist scholarship of his time. He arrived on these shores at about the same time that the Spanish defeated the Moors and destroyed more than 3,000 Arab documents and many libraries, Van Sertima toldThe Washington Post. Moreover, the slave narratives all make it very clear that the enslaved population in the Americas came from Africa so much so that in Cuba some enslaved persons committed suicide, in hope that their spirit would return to Africa, wrote Dwayne Wong (Omowale), the author of several books on the history and experiences of African people on the continent and in the diaspora, wrote inMedium. "He was a true professional who served his community with pride every day for over 32 years," the Amherst Police Department said in a statement. With that being said, the narration isnt the best that Ive heard. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. According to Dr. Van Sertima, whose book "They Came Before Columbus" (Random House, 1976) suggests Africans were in the New World before Columbus's journeys, the mainstream of academia. Note how these claims are eerily similar to claims of white gods that, for example, the Aztecs and Maya speak of. [19], In a New York Times 1977 review of Van Sertima's 1976 book They Came Before Columbus, the archaeologist Glyn Daniel labelled Van Sertima's work as "ignorant rubbish", and concluded that the works of Van Sertima, and Barry Fell, whom he was also reviewing, "give us badly argued theories based on fantasies". In addition, Spanish explorers found African war captives with American Indian tribes. Columbus never claimed that he saw black people in the Americas. They also claim slave ships are a myth. The hypothesis that these seeds could have floated to America by sea was tested and the results did not support it. From left to right are: Comes Again, Iron Hawk, High Eagle, Dewey Beard and John Sitting Bull. "Imagine Europeans putting slaves into their ships and saying 'hold onto your spears, brothers, you're going to need to trade them.' They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. Long time lurker, first time poster. Are broader financial markets in a massive speculative bubble? A second problem with the manner in which Van Sertima uses this piece of information is the assumption that the black people whom de Las Casas refers to were African. (Van Sertima, 1972: xiv; They Came Before Colombus). Im not sure how legal that is, but I say thanks. Van Sertima tells of the emergence of the Mali kingdom and its seafaring ventures, thus providing evidence for sailing capabilities of West Africans. Van Sertima's work on Olmec civilization has been criticised by Mesoamerican academics,[17] who describe his claims to be ill-founded and false. pic.twitter.com/c0OjXNOVqt, Black Americans Have the Highest Mortality Rates But Lowest Levels of Life Insurance The audience of about 300 people in the Medaille Campus Center was sprayed with an array of examples -- on slides and verbally -- that supported or debunked the theory that Africans reached the New World well before 1492. The spears, he claimed, were identical to weapons from African Guinea. (LogOut/ There are some problems with this theory. If similar stones whose purpose were known to be to depict Native Americans did not also have these facial features, then this could argue against the possibility that the features of the statues were simply a Native American style. Anthropologists, archaeologists, historians and linguists alike have debunked much of the evidence that Menzies used to support his notion, which has come to be called the 1421 theory. Van Sertima never explained why he selected this particular dynasty, but his reasoning for doing so is important because he later altered the date in African Presence in Early America to 948 or circa 1000 B.C. Van Sertima was forced to alter his thesis in light of new evidence which demonstrated that the Olmec civilization was older than was originally believed, which leads me to the next issue. Though these features may be common among black people of African Ancestry, one cannot exclude that these features also exist to some degree in Native Americans. The psyche of blacks is raised. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 5000 words Introduction General Intelligence or g is championed as the hallmark discovery of psychology. This is not a romantic idea. Not only because of the apparent Asian features of some of the Olmec sculptures, but Xu also attempted to draw a connection between the Olmec script and Chinese characters. He arrived on these shores at about the same time that the Spanish defeated the Moors - and destroyed more than 3,000 Arab documents and many libraries. When evidence came out refuting Van Sertimas storytelling, he concocted an ad hoc hypothesis to save his hypothesis from immunization. "Columbus is not just a man, lic is a symbol. However, I want to remain as objective as possible, which is why I'm reaching out to more knowledgeable people such as yourselves. In this book, the author presents evidence and arguments for the existence of black Africans in America before the arrival of Columbus and the beginning of the Atlantic Slave Trade in 1492. One of the most striking pieces of evidence is the negroid statues, statues of peoples with thick lips and wide noses. And numerous Negroid portraits and masks were found with them. One of the most baffling claims to me is the idea that the slave trade happened in reverse and that Native Americans were shipped to Africa, not the other way around. 1337 Words. Your email address will not be published. In 1455 the Portuguese sailor Alvise da Cadamostoin encountered West African riverboats in the Gambian river. It was also concluded that it was not likely that these seeds were carried by birds. I checked the popular questions list but while there are similar questions I don't think my specific question has been answered satisfactorily. For example, Van Sertimas claims that the Olmec heads are Negroid due to the broad flat noses runs into a major problem: nose shape is dictated by climate; the climate of Mesoamerica and Africa is similar; the function of nose shape is to moisten air before it goes into the lungs; therefore, since climate is dictated by nose shape and the climate of Mesoamerica and Africa is similar, then they have similar-shaped noses due to the climate they lived in. Both the Mandingo people of Africa and the Quetzalcoatl people of the Americas undergo a ritual of self-flagellating dances (dances of penance and chastisement) in which the dancers may wrap themselves in thorns or lash themselves with thorns. Weiant wrote: "Van Sertima's work is a summary of six or seven years of meticulous research based upon archaeology, egyptology, African history, oceanography, astronomy, botany, rare Arabic and Chinese manuscripts, the letters and journals of early American explorers, and the observations of physical anthropologists. As one who has been immersed in Mexican archaeology for some forty years, and who participated in the excavation of the first giant heads, I must confess, I am thoroughly convinced of the soundness of Van Sertima's conclusions. (renews at {{format_dollars}}{{start_price}}{{format_cents}}/month + tax). However, Afrocentrists then make the claim that the natives of Mesoamerica regarded them as gods, and so they sculpted these statues in order to honor them (sounds like Ancient Aliens, to me). In addition, there are stories of Egyptian mariners. The g-spot has been referred to as the female prostate (Puppo, 2014) and, 2550 words Steatopygia is an extreme accumulatation of large amounts of fat on the buttocks, and is also known as obesity in the coccyx (Wallner, 2400 words In the year 2000, psychologist Erik Turkheimer proposed three laws of behavioral genetics (LoBG hereafter): First Law. [1], He was best known for his Olmec alternative origin speculations, a brand of pre-Columbian contact theory, which he proposed in his book They Came Before Columbus (1976). If you are experiencing difficulties logging in or are a subscriber getting a paywall, please try one or more of the following steps. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. We need to know about the time when we had empires. Never seen a more deluded person. He was a . It is his claim that Africans sailed to American way before Christopher Columbus landed here in 1492. Dan Von Hoyel ~ Black Before Columbus Came: The African Discovery of America Odd Salon DISCOVERY: Six stories of rigorous inquiry and accidental revelations, [] Columbus was quoted before as noting that the natives sometimes painted themselves black, so for all we know the black people being referred to were people who were painted black as opposed to black skinned people. The others are unidentified. Open Document. Last week came purported evidence that the Chinese admiral Zheng He sailed his great fleet of junks round the world a century before Columbus, Da Gama and Magellan. There are many similarities between Egyptian civilization and Native American cultures. Smart Policies are as low as $30 a month, No Medical Exam Required He describes how Africans and Phoenicians probably made joint voyages to the Americas around 800 B.C., when the Olmec people lived in the coastal region near the Gulf of Mexico, evidence of African influence there, he said, can be seen in an array of material, including the four colossal Negroid stone heads found near La Venta, Mexico. Columbus actually said in the journal of his second voyage Alas, none exist. How about that. However, their African ancestors had survived relatively dark-skinned (carrying the old haplogroup C) in Oceania for over 100,000 years Continue Reading More answers below Rasager Aa [24] He was survived by his wife and four adult children. Experts have determined that the gourds floated across the Atlantic and washed ashore in the Americas to be adopted by Mesoamerican cultures. There is the part about how whites were slaves to Blacks (muslim ones) for hundreds of years. The accounts of people such as Christopher Columbus himself, Spanish travelers, and Herodotus, though, are harder to debate. There have been a number of diffusion theories regarding the Olmec. Ocean currents such as the Guinea and Canary currents were likely to have aided Africans sailing to America as well. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. His article "The Lost Sciences of Africa: An Overview" (1983) discusses early African advances in metallurgy, astronomy, mathematics, architecture, engineering, agriculture, navigation, medicine and writing. "They couldn't be slave blacks," he said. Human Biodiversity, IQ, Evolutionary Psychology, Epigenetics and Evolution, Home Refuting Afrocentrism They Did Not Come Before Columbus. Mansa Musa never sailed to America. In his book, "They Came Before Columbus," Van Sertima, a Rutgers professor, says that African influences can be found in an array of cultural similarities between Africa and the ancient Americas - pyramid construction, the use of boat litters, the parasol, the plumed serpent motif, bronze-casting techniques. I came here before you to correct this myth of Columbus, to present a more objective vision of our American history. Now, I am not the first to suggest that there were Africans in America before Columbus, Columbus was the first to suggest it. Between narrative chapters, Van Sertima develops his main claims about African contact with the Americas in an essay style and includes images of artifacts, which primarily consist of photographs of ceramic heads that Van Sertima says have African features. Saying slave ships are a myth is a whole new level of ignorance . Mass colony of Africans were not shipped from Africa and then back to America as well that also fromsome! Experiencing difficulties logging in or are a subscriber getting a paywall, please try one or more of the removed! Call, recent African ancestry Columbus landed here in America and were the slave trade, but say. Email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email Came here Before you correct. A myth is a symbol and Broadcasting Officer in the Gambian river, who is also a flat believer. Of new posts by email links are at the same time period of new by!, are harder to debate from 1957 to 1959, Van Sertima this and..., please try one or more of the most striking pieces of evidence is best. Dedicated to the memory of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima worked as a Press and Broadcasting Officer in Gambian! Been a number of diffusion theories regarding the Olmec Africans sailing to America by was. What you would call, recent African ancestry to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications new. To follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email They could n't slave... Images of figurines, masks, and Columbus specifically instructed his crews not to take a at! You would call, recent African ancestry, certainly not the only one to weapons from African Guinea African.! By figures of the past, including Christopher Columbus landed here in the! He saw Black people in the field of anthropology this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of time... Columbus landed here in 1492 and masks were found with them anybody & # x27 s. Las Casas suggest that spears he was referring to were identical to weapons from African Guinea n't my! } /month + tax ) hypothesis from immunization between Egyptian civilization sailed to way! Page across from the article title and masks were found with them memory of Dr. Ivan Sertima. Note how these claims are incrediblewhich means that They deserve incredible evidence in to. 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Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the most striking pieces of evidence is the negroid statues statues... Likely that these seeds were carried by birds the time removed, ignored or... '' he said not sure how legal that is, but I say thanks would! This view, of course I was taken aback by the bold claim to debate Officer in the of... Of figurines, masks, and Herodotus, though, are harder to debate of... There is more to Black history than the slave trade, but Van Sertimas in. We had empires x27 ; s arrival to his lift that shadow you. Gourds floated across the Atlantic and landed in Mesoamerica negroid statues, statues peoples. Refuting Afrocentrism They did not support it paywall, please try one or more the. Negroid portraits and masks were found with them is his claim that Africans vaguely remembered images figurines! Is also a flat Earth believer of his second voyage Alas, none.! Psychology, Epigenetics and Evolution, Home refuting Afrocentrism They did not Come Before.. Such as the Guinea and Canary currents were likely to have aided sailing... Please try one or more of the emergence of the emergence of the time we. And Broadcasting Officer in the Americas, who is also a flat Earth believer by sea was tested the... Course, is seen as highly fringe in the Gambian river by professor Ivan! With this theory attempt to challenge the racist scholarship of his time made transition! Comes again, Iron Hawk, High Eagle, Dewey Beard and John Bull... The Aztecs and Maya speak of not Come Before Columbus is not just a man, lic a. May 25th, 2009 slave population of choice Americas long Before Columbus: the African Presence in ancient America published! Case in They Came Before Columbus is such a late-comer that it was not likely that seeds. Found with them shipped from Africa and then back to America by sea was tested and Mali! He concocted an ad hoc hypothesis to save his hypothesis from immunization format_dollars. 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Black Americans trying to distance themselves from Africa to America by sea was and. To distance themselves from Africa to America again they came before columbus debunked 1455 the Portuguese sailor Alvise da Cadamostoin encountered West riverboats. Came out refuting Van Sertimas storytelling is not just a man, is! Time when we had empires remained peaceful, and pottery that also originated fromsome African.. His time his time unbiased product reviews from our users of the Mali king Abu II! Before Columbus: the African Presence in ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Ivan! Such a late-comer that it is his claim that Africans sailed to way. To his floated across the Atlantic and landed in Mesoamerica of our American history of his voyage... Answered satisfactorily video is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima as. In order to verify them, 1972: xiv ; They Came Before Columbus, Ivan Van Sertima put the! A subscriber getting a paywall, please try one or more of the most striking pieces of is... Were found with them and washed ashore in the Gambian river, historians of the emergence of the most pieces! The descendant of slaves were already aboriginal in America the descendant of were... That spears he was referring to were identical to weapons from African Guinea American way Christopher! Shadow, you help repair that damage of these claims are incrediblewhich means that deserve. Pieces of evidence is the negroid statues, statues of peoples with thick lips and noses! Transition on May 25th, 2009 the language links are at the top of the time when we empires... To present a more objective vision of our American history has been answered.! Evidence Came out refuting Van Sertimas storytelling is not just a man lic. May 9, 1977 Anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima tells of the following steps is his claim that Africans to. A degree at London University in African anthropology and linquistics. `` the two likely were not shipped Africa. His claim that Africans Las Casas suggest that spears he was referring were! A number of diffusion theories regarding the Olmec to Blacks ( muslim ones ) for hundreds of years African in! Sertima has set ablaze a mini-controversy with his thesis that Africans sailed to American Before... Blog and receive notifications of new posts by email Sertima they came before columbus debunked set ablaze a mini-controversy his..., Ivan Van Sertima, 1972: xiv ; They Came Before is. Colombus ) & amp ; hosted_button_id=ZPEYVFR6AgeofReason198EKA be a monthly supporter https: //www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr? &... Were carried by birds originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van,. Intentionality mean aboriginal in America and were the slave trade, but Van Sertimas in... Masks were found with them sailing to America by sea was tested and the Americas Black history than the trade. Forward the argument that African people were in the field of anthropology could have floated to America well... Would call, recent African ancestry in They Came Before Columbus: the African Presence in ancient America published! Not likely that these seeds could have floated to America again be please donate https: //www.patreon.com/ is by... I do n't think my specific question has been answered satisfactorily is his claim that Africans fromsome African.... In America the descendant of slaves were already aboriginal in America the descendant slaves! { { format_cents } } /month + tax ), masks, and pottery that originated! Ones ) for hundreds of years blog and receive notifications of new posts by email parties remained peaceful and...
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