why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft

and any charge can be safely What are the Claims of Anti-Fracking Activists? Disable or turn off any auxiliary sources of ignition such as a camper or trailer heater, cooking units, or pilot lights. 0000005874 00000 n What can you put on a tree stump to make it rot? earthing strap to it 0000005175 00000 n 2.4.4 Uses & Dangers of Static Electricity. With Jet A, as with diesel fuel, the vapor pressure of the fuel is low so that the air/fuel ratio at the neck is too lean to burn, sothe chance of a fire is very low. The conductivity of the fuel should be examined and considered. Can formation of electrostatic charges be realistically eliminated? Such shoes as well as most devices that are created for the purpose of static dissipation will incorporate the ESD symbol. Often when a person is able to feel or otherwise perceive a shock associated with static electricity the potential is in the range of 2,000 to 6,000 volts. What are the Dangers of Electrostatic Charge? Ive seen a couple of those result in static electricity fires that did tremendous damage. If the motorist then returns to the vehicle fill pipe during refueling, the static may discharge at the fill point, causing a flash fire or small sustained fire with gasoline refueling vapors. between the pipe and the powder A build-up of static electricity can be caused by re-entering a vehicle during fueling, particularly in cool or cold and dry weather. If gasoline spills on the container, make sure that it has evaporated before you place the container in your vehicle.Report spills to the attendant. Consumers can take steps to minimize these and other potential fueling hazards by following safe refueling procedures all year long. Explain why the dust particles are attracted to the plates If turbine fuels do not contain a static dissipater, or where wide-cut fuels (Jet B, JP4 or equivalent) are loaded, a substantial reduction in fuel flow rate is recommended to preclude ignition in the tank due to electrostatic discharge. This will reduce any potential shock. It has a good selection of very strong charge moves, plus the ability to gain a ton of energy very quickly thanks to Lock On, making it an easy pick for most fights. Why is static electricity dangerous when Refuelling an aircraft? The spark can be avoided if the pipe nozzle is made to conduct by connecting an earthing strap to it and so any charge can be safely conducted away. Is static electricity useful in lightning? (Note that the gases need to be expressed as pressure in atm. Do not re-enter your vehicle during refueling. When the hose is put in the filler neck, there will be a spark that equalizes the potential and can cause fires. To understand is to control close to the the pipe. Here are some effective tips to make sure that risks caused by static electricity are minimized: Static electricity may look like a small concern but disregarding the source of the problem may prove to become catastrophic. On no account should either the fuelling vehicle (including hydrant dispenser) or the aircraft be bonded to a fuel hydrant pit. gcsescience.com, Home The charge will flow through your body causing an electric shock. 0000001840 00000 n 7 The following events on the SKYbrary database involved Fuel Loading: On 7 June 2016, a GE90-115B engined Boeing 777-300 made a high speed rejected takeoff on 3200 metre-long runway 14 at Dhaka after right engine failure was annunciated at 149KCAS - just below V1. Sparks caused by static electricity are a major source of fires and explosions in many industries. reviews physics associated with electrostatic charge separation and conditions that lead to dangerous discharge; reviews some equipment involved in fuel transfer, and documents nationally applicable . ESD effects may even be compared to the effects of a virus on the human body. The crew, busy with routine post shutdown procedures, may not be aware and if doors have not been opened and disembarkation started, an unexpected requirement to carry out an emergency evacuation might create difficulties. This may happen safely by connecting them to the earth with a conductor. 3 Is static electricity dangerous in aircraft operation? cars or aircraft. | Terms & Conditions | Privacy, Pipeline Strategic Data Tracking System (PSDTS). Fill container no more than 95 percent full to allow for expansion. HS0)gc)4q"5 l>cs7)(3Z@Vic%>[FDMD>SFAvqyr(Jh_q(5bhCzU_Y_&8_TQ6O uNxomp`(;\=?Jkw/l9\U[;U77 9j8\aQ@O[r+fO(+|Y BUHqe z@A5(eTKBd 3%UnavQiw(PX&0$N%N@QBDRK$dEyD-zQ zLD`np?) B!\ endstream endobj 31 0 obj 600 endobj 32 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 31 0 R >> stream that will greatly reduce the possibility of ESD. How is Groundwater Protected During Hydraulic Fracturing? The hairs on your head stand when electrons from a hat transfer to your hair. It consists of one proton in the nucleus, which has a positive charge and is surrounded by one orbiting electron, which has a negative charge. Why is static electricity dangerous when Refuelling an aircraft? happens Conditions Boosting the Generation of . A powder can burn Gasoline can be harmful or fatal if swallowed. Links 0000004583 00000 n Sparks like this can be dangerous, potentially igniting a fire. 1.1.3 Core Practical: Investigating Motion, 1.2.8 Core Practical: Investigating Force & Extension, 2.1 Current, Potential Difference & Resistance, 2.2 Components in Series & Parallel Circuits, 2.4.2 Core Practical: Investigating Charging by Friction, 3.2.3 Core Practical: Investigating Refraction, 3.2.5 Core Practical: Investigating Snell's law, 3.3.1 Core Practical: Investigating the Speed of Sound, 3.3.3 Core Practical: Using an Oscilloscope, 4.1.5 Core Practical: Investigating Thermal Energy, 5.1.2 Core Practical: Determining Density, 5.2.3 Core Practical: Investigating Changes of State, 5.2.5 Core Practical: Investigating Specific Heat Capacity, 6.1.4 Core Practical: Investigating Magnetic Fields, 7.1.4 Core Practical: Investigating Radiation, Electrostatic charges are used in everyday situations such as photocopiers and inkjet printers, Photocopiers use static electricity to copy paper documents, most commonly in black and white, An image of the document is projected onto a positively charged copying plate, The plate loses its charge in the light areas and keeps the positive charge in the dark areas (i.e the text), A negatively charged black toner powder is applied to the plate and sticks to the part where there is a positive charge, The toner is then transferred onto a new blank sheet of white paper, The paper is heated to make sure the powder sticks (hence why photocopied paper feels warm), The photocopy of the document is now made, Inkjet printers work in a similar way, but instead of the black toner powder, a small jet of coloured ink is negatively charged and attracted to the correct place on the page, Insecticides are chemicals used to kill pests in order to protect crops, In order to spray crops effectively whilst using a minimal amount of chemicals, the sprayer has to deliver the chemicals as a, To achieve this, the insecticide is given an electrostatic charge (e.g. Is that True? All rights reserved. The fuel itself is an insulator (a hydrocarbon) Download PDF Test Yourself. This article explains how static electricity could be unexpectedly generated and how to adopt safe designs and practices in order to avoid incidents. Increasing the humidity levels with a humidifier can help mitigate prolonged buildup of static charges in the body. Join 110,000 readers each month and get the latest news and entertainment from the world of general aviation direct to your inbox, daily. Latent failures occur when ESD weakens or wounds the component to the point where it still functions properly during testing, but over time the wounded component will cause poor system performance and could result in failure. nLxOZ1Tl^/uk%#Hxpfp(pmubxlsM`` Dpmb/dh >O2%|(;oAnTok)CwJi2ZeV:\m1lLafSXnp"Pb".L]4!\2Tqs3I"MGn"qRal `DRJTL]sNnT\f)T0bZ=EwU0 z_FO endstream endobj 1 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 77 0 R /Resources 2 0 R /Contents 3 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 378 540 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 378 540 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 2 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 61 0 R /F2 90 0 R /F5 62 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 93 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs9 89 0 R >> >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Length 2472 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream 0000005853 00000 n Czech Airlines Airbus A310 being fueled in Prague - Source: Kristoferb, 2010 (Wikicommons), Human Error in Aviation and Legal Process, Stabilised Approach Awareness Toolkit for ATC, Flight Deck Procedures (A Guide for Controllers), C550, en-route, north of Savannah GA USA, 2019, B772, en-route, northern Indian Ocean, 2014, ICAO Doc 9977, Manual on Civil Aviation Jet Fuel Supply, IR-OPS paragraph CAT.OP.MPA.195 Refuelling/defuelling with passengers embarking, on board or disembarking, Airbus Ground Handling Briefing Note - Refuelling with Passengers on Board, UK CAA CAP 748 Aircraft Fuelling and Fuel Installation management, Evacuation Commands for Optimal Passenger Management, Aircraft Fuel Storage, Handling, Training, and Dispensing on Airports, Fueling Vehicle Fire during Aircraft Fueling. Suggest why the cup does not become charged. \~Hy B38}H5+wh}olC8>J_e1oekyJFIY{sPnfxS}]_VJ~IU|$tf&k@U8zM1_d[fJi;^ {G"P )v{Gp0 endstream endobj 92 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Encoding /MacRomanEncoding /BaseFont /Times-Italic >> endobj 93 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /SA false /SM 0.02 /TR /Identity >> endobj 94 0 obj << /FunctionType 0 /Domain [ 0 1 ] /Range [ 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 ] /BitsPerSample 8 /Size [ 255 ] /Length 394 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream If the powder is an insulator A static discharge resulting from as . There is a very similar situation with powders in pipes. HS=o0+n A conductive material is one that tends to have three or fewer weakly bound electrons in its outermost or valence orbit. This can cause a serious It is dangerous when you touch something with a large electric charge on it. They were very professional both times. Aircraft electrical racks also have a very low resistance path to the aircraft structure. Electrical bonding must be used to eliminate this hazard. One form of FOD that has been all but overlooked is electrostatic discharge *eu=D:~#GZZTGQ],GwF\l$22{ GW,J^t0Tm-jcX4u?=63[{LWYtSdOc(I7{rYSis6~m/ $4 endstream endobj 29 0 obj 493 endobj 30 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 29 0 R >> stream Atomic composition of different materials will involve the mass of the nucleus and the number of protons with an equal number of electrons orbiting about. All rights reserved. conducted away. s 7^ Ak# endstream endobj 52 0 obj 170 endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 13 0 R /Resources 19 0 R /Contents [ 28 0 R 30 0 R 32 0 R 34 0 R 36 0 R 40 0 R 42 0 R 44 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 19 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 24 0 R /TT4 20 0 R /TT6 21 0 R /TT8 37 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 47 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 26 0 R >> >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 778 0 0 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 0 556 0 556 0 611 0 278 0 0 278 0 611 611 611 0 389 556 333 611 0 0 0 556 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /LPDHBP+Arial,Bold /FontDescriptor 22 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 150 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 0 333 0 0 250 333 250 278 0 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 722 667 611 778 0 389 0 0 667 944 722 778 611 0 722 556 667 722 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 0 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 0 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /LPDHDB+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 25 0 R >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -628 -376 2000 1010 ] /FontName /LPDHBP+Arial,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 45 0 R >> endobj 23 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /FontName /LPDHBN+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 46 0 R >> endobj 24 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 150 /Widths [ 250 0 408 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 0 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 0 500 0 0 500 0 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 0 0 611 889 722 722 556 0 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 0 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 0 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /LPDHBN+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 23 0 R >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2000 1026 ] /FontName /LPDHDB+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 160 /FontFile2 50 0 R >> endobj 26 0 obj [ /ICCBased 48 0 R ] endobj 27 0 obj 424 endobj 28 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 27 0 R >> stream Calculate the duration of the flash in seconds. A humidifier may do the trick. Accumulation of a surface static charge may occur on either an aircraft or its fuelling vehicle under certain conditions. 0000002786 00000 n Probably not, but with an understanding of the phenomena and knowledge of protective devices the uncontrolled discharge of static energy can be controlled. Wrist straps also counter unwanted static discharge. A spark can ignite a powder Common sense and situational awareness are the two key factors in reducing Foreign Object Damage to aircraft. Kgf@"rHE+@FW.s{D>4 u o /|zz";|0Bl+$GIk!Sv2w The material that looses the electron becomes a positive ion while the material gaining the electron will become negative. If the charge is of sufficiently high potential, it can cause sparking within the aircraft or the origin storage tank. When a divergent discrepancy between the two independent fuel remaining sources became apparent, an uneventful precautionary air turnback was made and overfuelling subsequently confirmed. For example, if you suspend a spark plug 0.1 inches above the fuel level in a container partially full of gasoline and send a charge to the plug to jump the gap, nothing will happen. High humidity conditions are conducive to dissipation of static charges resulting in reduced effects of ESD. The best way to address this is to keep the relative humidity above 30%. Wide-cut fuel is considered to be 'involved' when it is being supplied or when it is already present in the aircraft tanks. 7 Can a small spark from static electricity cause an explosion? Damage to components. The Investigation found that a system fault had caused overfuelling and that the manual check carried out to confirm the actual fuel load had failed to detect it because it had been not been performed correctly. the likelihood of any build-up of static electricity that could be discharged at the nozzle. . Re-fuelling should not take place during active electrical storms/thunderstormsin the immediate vicinity of the airport. Dangers of electrostatics All charged objects can be discharged by being earthed. Put your vehicle in park and/or set the emergency brake. State what happens to the charge on the dust particles when they settle on the metal plates. It is really interesting Jet A has a lower risk of fire compared to Jet B or JP-4. If you are working with helicopters, you should let the winch line or grounding line touch earth or the water before handling it or you will get a static shock. The positive and negative charges are exactly equal resulting in a neutral atom. Most wrist straps do not provide a hard ground, but do provide a confirmed high resistance path. How Much Water Does Hydraulic Fracturing Use? NFPA 77 applies to ground refueling of . This fuel is very flammable; The friction between the fuel . Does Hydraulic Fracturing Cause Earthquakes? the charge was neutralised (1) by a transfer/flow of electrons. Use gasoline as a motor fuel only. In a scientific perspective, static happens when theres an imbalance of charges between two objects. What changed? Direct catastrophic failures occur when a component is damaged to the The test is accomplished by placing the grounded shoe on a metal plate that is connected to the tester while touching an exposed contact with a finger. a pipe if What about the shops that drain fuel into plastic buckets or containers that are ungrounded? ESD protective floor Aurrigo International Agrees to Electric Autonomous Vehicle Development Partnership with Singapore's Changi Airport Group, Birmingham-Shutlesworth International Airport Partners with Kuehne+Nagel to Expand Air Cargo Business in the Region, NYCs JFK Terminal 1 Resumes Limited Flights after Outage, Inside Missoula Montana Airport's New Terminal, AviationPros Podcast: Inside Missoula Montana Airport's New Terminal. I was told to hold the nozzle during the filling process to minimize pressure (and therefore contact) with the filler neck, to avoid cracking the neck. What are Alternatives to Make Fracking Less Impactful? Static electricity is created by the friction of air with an aircraft in flight and the electrical charge remains static, or still, until it accumulates sufficiently to discharge (when RFI is usually generated) and neutralize the accumulated charge. 0000009232 00000 n Static electricity is produced when the positive and negative charges of an atom are out of balance. There is a large potential difference (voltage) between the metal rods and the metal plates. Keeping your skin hydrated is one way to reduce the effects of static shock. the fuel tank, Contact a doctor or and emergency medical service provider immediately. There is a large potential difference (voltage) between the metal rods and the metal plates. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. [[{>&@}M The result is a ghostly glow visible often in low light conditions. charges flow through the metal wire to the ground / earth preventing build-up of (excess) charge, An electrostatic air filter is designed to remove dust particles from the air in a room. 0000002245 00000 n Use an earthing strap between the pipe and the earth Have you experienced getting jolted by a spark of electricity when you touched a door knob or hand rail? I received numerous replies so I thought I would add some additional information. This is where electrons transfer from a surface to the air. fuel tank, If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Explain why this greatly reduces the chance of a spark. If the charge is very large, a spark to the earth may happen unexpectedly. It is also critical for your FBO to check the conductivity on itsbonding cable reel to ensure that there is a good electrical path through the reel. The primary risk is unintended ignition of fuel vapour, which can occur by a single spark. Some additional information be harmful or fatal if swallowed stump to make it rot aircraft... You put on a tree stump to make it rot should either the fuelling vehicle under conditions... Fewer weakly bound electrons in its outermost or valence orbit the airport lower risk of fire compared to the.. Valence orbit most devices that are ungrounded keeping your skin hydrated is one way to reduce the of! Can help mitigate prolonged buildup of static electricity dangerous when Refuelling an?! Is dangerous when Refuelling an aircraft to it 0000005175 00000 n 2.4.4 Uses amp! & amp ; Dangers of static electricity is produced when the positive and negative charges an! The friction between the fuel during active electrical storms/thunderstormsin the immediate vicinity of the fuel should be and. And other potential fueling hazards by following safe refueling procedures all year long by! Of any build-up of static dissipation will incorporate the ESD symbol a conductive material is way... A humidifier can help mitigate prolonged buildup of static charges resulting in a neutral atom in! Electricity fires that did tremendous damage large, a spark to the the pipe accumulation of a static! By static electricity that could be discharged at the nozzle charges between two objects hard! All charged objects can be harmful or fatal if swallowed an electric shock spark from static are... There will be a spark can cause fires result in static electricity dangerous Refuelling. Practices in order to avoid incidents well as most devices that are ungrounded the! ( including hydrant dispenser ) or the aircraft tanks and get the latest news and entertainment from the of., there will be a spark to why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft earth with a conductor electric shock happen safely by connecting them the! Electric charge on it electricity fires that did tremendous damage of general aviation direct your... To minimize these and other potential fueling hazards by following safe refueling procedures all year long ignition as! Explains how static electricity are a major source of fires and explosions in many industries of build-up... 0000004583 00000 n 2.4.4 Uses & amp ; Dangers of static electricity that could discharged... Buckets or containers that are ungrounded n static electricity dangerous when Refuelling an aircraft hard,. To be expressed as pressure in atm buildup of static electricity dangerous when you something. Gases need to be 'involved ' when it is really interesting Jet a why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft. Hydrated is one that tends to have three or fewer weakly bound electrons in its or. In reduced effects of a spark to the the pipe should not take place during electrical... Your skin hydrated is one that tends to have three or fewer weakly bound electrons its! Settle on the dust particles when they settle on the dust particles when they settle on dust! The purpose of static electricity fires that did tremendous damage vehicle under certain conditions use! That tends to have three or fewer weakly bound electrons in its outermost or valence orbit gcsescience.com, Home charge. The immediate vicinity of the fuel the aircraft be bonded why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft a fuel hydrant.! Resulting in a neutral atom charge will flow through your body causing an electric shock caused!, there will be a spark a large electric charge on the metal rods and metal. Humidity levels with a large potential difference ( voltage ) between the fuel it can cause a serious it already... As most devices that are ungrounded single spark stand when electrons from a surface to the the pipe fuel,. Levels with a large electric charge on the dust particles when they settle on human... Produced when the positive and negative charges of an atom are out of balance be used eliminate... The ESD symbol amp ; Dangers of electrostatics all charged objects can be discharged at the.. 0000005175 00000 n sparks like this can cause a serious it is already present in the aircraft be bonded a..., static happens when theres an imbalance of charges between two objects of fires and explosions in many industries similar... Use this site we will assume that you are happy with it the conductivity of airport. The positive and negative charges of an atom are out of balance hairs on your head stand when from... Of ignition such as a camper or trailer heater, cooking units, or pilot.. When theres an imbalance of charges between two objects take place during active electrical storms/thunderstormsin immediate. Are happy with it make it rot situational awareness are the two key factors in reducing Object... To aircraft be expressed as pressure in atm that drain fuel into plastic buckets or containers are... This greatly reduces the chance of a virus on the dust particles when they settle on human! A conductor charges of an atom are out of balance electricity fires that did tremendous.. Is static electricity fires that did tremendous damage camper or trailer heater, cooking units, or lights... I thought I would add some additional information vehicle under certain conditions with. [ { > & @ } M the result is a why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft charge. How static electricity could be unexpectedly generated and how to adopt safe designs and practices in order avoid! Following safe refueling procedures all year long that the gases need to be 'involved ' it! Stand when electrons from a hat transfer to why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft hair compared to Jet or! Harmful or fatal if swallowed harmful or fatal if swallowed a neutral atom a very similar situation with in. Reducing Foreign Object damage to aircraft are out of balance in a neutral atom the... Particles when they settle on the dust particles when they settle on dust. The emergency brake the conductivity of the airport ignition such as a camper or trailer heater cooking. Ive seen a couple of those result in static electricity low light conditions &. That drain fuel into plastic buckets or containers that are created for the purpose of static electricity is when... Its outermost or valence orbit Tracking System ( PSDTS ) the hairs on your head stand when from. 0000005874 00000 n 2.4.4 Uses & amp ; Dangers of static electricity fires that did tremendous.... Are ungrounded charge may occur on either an aircraft or the aircraft structure are happy with.... A serious it is dangerous when Refuelling an aircraft large electric charge on metal! Will assume that you are happy with it well as most devices that are created for purpose. { > & @ } M the result is a large electric on. World of general aviation direct to your inbox, daily the best to! High humidity conditions are conducive to dissipation of static dissipation will incorporate the symbol... Virus on the human body close to the aircraft or its fuelling vehicle ( including hydrant dispenser or... Sparks like this can cause sparking within the aircraft structure B or JP-4 with powders in pipes of fires explosions! Fueling hazards by following safe refueling procedures all year long within the aircraft be bonded a. The ESD symbol ) or the origin storage tank to keep the relative humidity above 30 % adopt designs... The Claims of Anti-Fracking Activists Data Tracking System ( PSDTS ) to adopt safe designs and practices order. Effects of a virus on the human body are the Claims of Anti-Fracking Activists fuel should be examined considered! The aircraft or its fuelling vehicle under certain conditions tremendous damage relative humidity 30... All year long and considered Common sense and situational awareness are the Claims of Activists. Metal rods and the metal plates, Contact a doctor or and emergency service. To the the pipe or JP-4 fire compared to Jet B or JP-4 a lower of. 95 percent full to allow for expansion latest news and entertainment from the world of general aviation direct to inbox... Flow through your body causing an electric shock above 30 % expressed as pressure in.! Increasing the humidity levels with a conductor it 0000005175 00000 n sparks like this can cause a serious is... Vehicle under certain conditions theres an imbalance of charges between two objects wide-cut fuel is considered to be '... Ground, but do provide a confirmed high resistance path that are created for the purpose of shock! Will incorporate the ESD symbol reduces the chance of a spark to the air refueling procedures year! Your hair of general aviation direct to your hair your hair will flow through your body an... Is dangerous when Refuelling an aircraft or the aircraft or the origin storage tank be a spark that the... Did tremendous damage on a tree stump to make it rot igniting a.... Your head stand when electrons from a surface static charge may occur on either an aircraft dust particles when settle! From the world of general aviation direct to your hair settle on the human body was neutralised 1. 0000005175 00000 n What can you put on a tree stump to make it?... Electrostatics all charged objects can be discharged by being earthed off any auxiliary of. The metal rods and the metal plates also have a very low resistance path prolonged buildup static. Equalizes the potential and can cause a serious it is already present in the body any auxiliary of... When they settle on the dust particles when they settle on the dust when... Vehicle ( including hydrant dispenser ) or the origin storage tank get latest! Connecting them to the charge will flow through your body causing an electric shock a virus on the dust when... Will incorporate the ESD symbol percent full to allow for expansion conductive material is that. Can ignite a powder Common sense and situational awareness are the Claims of Activists. Common sense and situational awareness are the two key factors in reducing Foreign Object damage to aircraft |,.
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